The therapeutic relationship is one of the fundamental components of professional nursing practice and has a significant impact on the quality of care and the effectiveness of the therapeutic process. The aim of this paper was to analyze the importance of the therapeutic relationship in nursing, with particular emphasis on the role of empathy, professional boundaries, and the problem of emotional burden among nursing staff. The article discusses the essence of the therapeutic relationship, models of its development, barriers to effective communication, and the ethical and legal aspects of maintaining professional boundaries. It also examines the consequences of excessive emotional involvement, including compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and professional burnout. Furthermore, the paper highlights the importance of preventive strategies such as developing emotional intelligence, psychological resilience, communication skills, clinical supervision, and organizational support. Maintaining compassionate engagement while preserving appropriate professional boundaries is essential for ensuring high-quality nursing care and protecting nurses’ psychological well-being.